2015 Annual Report of TGC

Greetings from Jia-fu Ji and the editorial office of TGC.

We are glad to present the 2015 Annual Report of TGC here. In 2015, TGC has made some progress and the most significant leap forward is that TGC is indexed in ESCI. More information is shown in the Annual Report.

TGC would like to express sincere appreciation for the enthusiastic and vigorous support and contributions from all board members, guest editors, reviewers, authors, and readers. We wish you a happy, healthy and prosperous 2016!

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Testimonials for TGC from Eminent Experts Worldwide

Eminent experts, including editorial board members, authors and readers, who know the journal well, provided testimonials for TGC. We are thankful for their vigorous support for the journal.

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Cytokeratin 18 (CK18) in apoptotic cell death

Cytokeratin 18 (CK18) is an intermediate filament thatreleased from cells into the circulation during both necrotic and apoptoticcell death. Caspase-cleaved CK18 (M30) and total CK18 (M65) are measured in thecirculation by enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assays (ELISA).

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KIT and PDGFRA receptor complex with mutations

Exon 11 KIT mutations are the most common (65-70%), whichhappens usually in the juxtamembrane domain. These could be point mutations,deletions or duplications and are more common in gastric GIST and show goodresponse to imatinib, whereas exon 9 mutations (5-10%) usually are 2-codon502-503 duplications in the extracellular domain (made up of fiveimmunoglobulin like molecules) and these occur predominantly in intestinalversus gastric GISTs and are less responsive to imatinib.

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Hematoxylin and Eosin stain of paratracheal lymph node

PET CT scan showed increased radiotracer activity in the right apical nodule which measures 1.4×1.3 cm2, right hilum, pre tracheal lymph node. Patient underwent endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS) with right pre tracheal lymph node biopsy. Biopsy results were positive for adenocarcinoma.

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Inflammation of the colon with scattered ulcers in the colon and rectum

The patient was initially started on ceftriaxone and metronidazole for possible infectious colitis, which were discontinued after stool cultures were negative. Colonoscopy was performed and showed evidence of pancolitis and ileitis with mucosal edema with superficial ulcerations.

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The effects of siRNA-mediated OPRT knockdown in MKN45 cells

(A) The mRNA levels of OPRT after siRNA transfection; (B) the results of a Western blot analysis of the OPRT expression after siRNA transfection; (C) the results of the MTT assay for 5FU in these cells; (D) the results of the MTT assay for paclitaxel in these cells; (E) the results of the MTT assay for docetaxel in these cells. OPRT, orotate phosphoribosyltransferase; MTT, 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-tetrazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H tetrazolium bromide.

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Model depicting the short and long term signals to the brain centers

Hypothalamic areas form interconnected neuronal circuits that respond to changes in energy status. It includes the arcuate (ARH) paraventricular nuclei (PVH), lateral hypothalamus (LH), Dorsomedial hypothalamus and ventromedial hypothalamus. In the brainstem, the area postrema, the nucleus of the solitary tract and the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus nerve, which together compose the dorsal vagal complex (DVC) also plays a vital role in the regulation of feeding. Insulin secreted by the pancreas and leptin secreted by white adipose tissues (WAT) are long-acting signals (blue arrows).

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Mechanism by which atrophic gastritis and Helicobacter pylori infection affect LT4 absorption

In this context, both atrophic gastritis associated with achlorhydria (21,22) and the production of ammonia associated with Helicobacter pylori infection (23,24) can change the state of ionization and the properties of the levothyroxine molecule. Thus, efficiency of intestinal absorption of thyroid hormone is reduced.

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the case of a patient with generalized lipodystrophy

(A) and (B) truncal fat gain and limb fat loss; (C) DXA scan illustrating abnormal fat distribution; (D) CT scan showing enlarged liver with diffuse fatty infiltration; (E) changes in fat distribution after leptin replacement therapy. Reproduced with permission from (7).

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The mortality and incidence of colorectal cancer in the world, according to GLOBOCAN estimation project, 2012.

GLOBOCAN estimation project for 2012 indicated that, the age-specific rates (ASR) incidence for Asia was 13.7 and ASR mortality was 7.2 per 100,000. Although the incidence and mortality rate of this cancer are still higher in Western, the ratio of mortality/incidence for Asian regions are higher, which means that the poor survival.

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